تأثیر تغییرات ساختاری و بخش خصوصی بر پیشرفت اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری توسعه اقتصادی، گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تحقق توسعه فراگیر و ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی شهروندان تنها با تکیه بر رشد اقتصادی میسر نیست و نیازمند توجه به ابعاد اجتماعی و نهادی است؛ از این‌رو شاخص پیشرفت اجتماعی به‌عنوان شاخصی جامع و خروجی‌محور، اهمیت روزافزونی در ارزیابی عملکرد کشورها یافته است. اهمیت این موضوع در کشورهایی با رانت بالای منابع طبیعی و حکمرانی ضعیف دوچندان است، زیرا ساختارهای نامتوازن اقتصادی، ضعف نهادی و وابستگی به منابع می‌توانند مسیر ارتقاء رفاه و کیفیت زندگی را مختل سازند. با این وجود، پیوند میان تغییرات ساختاری، نقش بخش خصوصی و انرژی با پیشرفت اجتماعی در مطالعات کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش با هدف پرکردن خلأ مذکور، با استفاده از داده‌های تابلویی طی دوره زمانی 2011-2021 و روش گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته، اثر این سه متغیر را بر پیشرفت اجتماعی در کشورهای رانتی با حکمرانی ضعیف و کشورهایی با رانت پایین و حکمرانی قوی مورد ارزیابی و مقایسه قرار داده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تحولات ساختاری، بخش خصوصی و انرژی همگی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر پیشرفت اجتماعی در هر دو گروه دارند. یافته‌ها تأکید می‌کنند که سیاست‌گذاری هماهنگ در حوزه‌های ساختاری، نهادی و انرژی می‌تواند مسیر ارتقاء رفاه و کیفیت زندگی را در این کشورها تقویت کرده و دستیابی به توسعه پایدار را تسهیل نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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